A statistical study of the upstream intermediate ion boundary in the Earth’s foreshock     

K. Meziane  C. d’Uston 《Annales Geophysicae》1998,16(2):125-133

A statistical investigation of the location of onset of intermediate and gyrating ion populations in the Earths foreshock is presented based on Fixed Voltage Analyzer data from ISEE 1. This study reveals the existence of a spatial boundary for intermediate and gyrating ion populations that coincides with the reported ULF wave boundary. This boundary position in the Earths foreshock depends strongly upon the magnetic cone angle _BX and appears well defined for relatively large cone angles, though not for small cone angles. As reported in a previous study of the ULF wave boundary, the position of the intermediate-gyrating ion boundary is not compatible with a fixed growth rate of the waves resulting from the interaction between a uniform beam and the ambient plasma. The present work examines the momentum associated with protons which travel along this boundary, and we show that the variation of the boundary position (or equivalently, the associated particle momentum) with the cone angle is related to classical acceleration mechanisms at the bow shock surface. The same functional behavior as a function of the cone angle is obtained for the momentum predicted by an acceleration model and for the particle momentum associated with the boundary. However, the model predicts systematically larger values of the momentum than the observation related values by a constant amount; we suggest that this difference may be due to some momentum exchange between the incident solar-wind population and the backstreaming particles through a wave-particle interaction resulting from a beam plasma instability.  相似文献   

Estimation of atomic oxygen concentrations from measured intensities of infrared nitric oxide radiation     

A. S. Kirillov  G. A. Aladjev 《Annales Geophysicae》1998,16(7):847-852

The vibrational distribution of nitric oxide in the polar ionosphere computed according to the one-dimensional non-steady model of chemical and vibrational kinetics of the upper atmosphere has been compared with experimental data from rocket measurement. Some input parameters of the model have been varied to obtain the least-averaged deviation of the calculated population from experimental one. It is shown that the least deviation of our calculations from experimental measurements depends sufficiently on both the surprisal parameter of the production reaction of metastable atomic nitrogen with molecular oxygen and the profile of atomic oxygen concentration. The best agreement with the MSIS-83 profile was obtained for the value of surprisal parameter corresponding to recent laboratory estimations. The measured depression of level v = 2 is obtained in the calculation that uses sufficiently increased concentrations of atomic oxygen. It is pointed out that similar measurements of infrared radiation intensities could be used to estimate the atomic oxygen concentrations during auroral disturbances of the upper atmosphere.  相似文献   

Thermoluminescence characteristics of quartz implanted by nickel ion     

Huhou Li 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》1998,41(4):437-441

The implantation of artificial quartz with nickel ion has succeeded in using a heavy ion accelerator. The quartz with nickel ion is called ”nickel quartz“. The sensitivity of their thermoluminescence (TL) response to the beta radiation was decreased with the increasing of irradiating and heating times. Two TL characteristics have appeared: the sensitivity of TL response at lower temperature (ll0°C) peaks of the nickel quartz to beta radiation is higher than that of the pure quartz, this results from the Ni⁺¹ ion entering the quartz lattice; and a new peak appearing at 445°C may be related with both Ni⁺¹ and Ni⁺³.  相似文献   

亚铁离子指标在地表油气化探研究工作中有效性及改进方法探讨     

徐庆鸿  贾国相 《矿产与地质》1998,12(5):358-361

亚铁离子（Ｆｅ２＋）是地表油气化探工作中重要的评价指标。铁元素的变价特征可导致铁离子的不同存在形式,直接利用Ｆｅ２＋值作为反映油气田上方还原柱性质的指标,存在一定的片面性。因此,提出用亚铁离子转化率Ｋ＝Ｆｅ２＋／Ｆｅ３＋＋Ｆｅ２＋的改进方法,并在实际勘查中验证,认为亚铁离子转化率可以为油气化探异常评价和靶区圈定提供更可靠的信息。  相似文献   

泌阳断陷湖盆古湖泊演化模式初探   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

胡受权 《矿物岩石》1998,18(1):47-53

泌阳断陷湖盆沉积充填史划分为三个阶段：初始断陷充填阶段、主断陷充填阶段及坳陷充填阶段,并对应着三个盆地充填序列及其相应的构造层序。其中第二阶段包括强烈断陷充填亚阶段、稳定断陷充填亚阶段及断陷萎缩充填亚阶段,其沉积速率有由大到小的变化规律。早第三纪泌阳断陷湖盆经历了四个演化历程：山前洪水洼地→硫酸盐型滨浅湖→正常湖泊→碳酸盐型或硫酸盐型滨浅湖;相应地,湖盆南部边缘（陡坡带）和北部边缘（缓坡带）沉积楔状体演变过程分别为：冲积扇→陡坡型扇三角洲→缓坡型扇三角洲→冲积扇和冲积扇→三角洲→冲积扇。随着硫酸盐类矿物沉淀的增多,泌阳断陷湖盆最终走向消亡。  相似文献   

碘酸钡置换碘-四氯化碳萃取光度法测定矿物气液包裹体中微量SO_4~(2-)     

沈友 《矿物岩石》1998,(2)

本文根据碘酸钡与矿物气液包裹体中ＳＯ２－４交换反应析出的碘酸根与碘化镉反应析出碘,采用碘－四氯化碳萃取光度法间接测定ＳＯ２－４,取得了较为满意的结果。  相似文献   

红土中含铁离子物质的化学行为与力学效应   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

汤连生  刘增贤  黄国怡  廖志强  颜波 《水文地质工程地质》2004,31(4):45-49

首先从地球化学理论上分析了铁离子的化学行为力学效应及其方向性,然后通过试验,研究了不同环境水溶液化学作用后的红层黏性土和冲积黏性土中铁离子的化学行为对土体的力学效应及其特性。试验结果表明:(1)含铁离子物质与水作用后的化学行为确实存在正反两方面的双向性力学效应;(2)含铁离子物质的双向性力学效应受环境水溶液的pH值和化学成分的控制;(3)酸性水溶液使含铁离子物质的胶结作用增强,使红土强度提高,形成正方向的力学效应;而碱性水溶液使含铁离子物质的胶结作用降低,形成负方向的力学效应。  相似文献   

1 nm锰矿相的人工合成及其金属阳离子交换特性     

钱江初  初凤友  冯旭文 《矿物学报》2004,24(4):334-340

人工合成了纯净的1 nm锰矿相,并进行1 nm锰矿相的离子交换实验,发现1 nm锰矿相具有很强的离子交换能力,这可能是多金属结核为何能够大量富集铜、钴、镍等有价金属元素的重要原因之一;不同的金属离子和1 nm锰矿相发生交换反应的能力也不相同,结核中几种主要的金属离子和 1nm锰矿相的交换能力的优先顺序排列为Cu2+＞ Co2+＞ Zn2+≥Ni2+＞ Ca2+＞ Mg2+,其原因可能是由于1 nm锰矿相具有特殊的类似隧道结构以及各金属离子的特性不同所造成的.  相似文献   

碳羟磷灰石吸附水溶液中镉离子的动力学研究   总被引：19，自引：2，他引：19  

胥焕岩  刘羽  彭明生 《矿物岩石》2004,24(1):108-112

碳羟基磷灰石(CHap)对水溶液中镉离子的吸附过程是一个复杂的非均相固液反应过程，从动力学角度来看，大致可分为两个阶段：初期阶段反应速度快，动力学过程复杂；后期阶段反应速度较慢，并符合一级反应动力学方程。实验表明：反应速率常数k1与温度T之间的关系符合阿累尼乌斯公式，吸附的活化能为Ea=6．075J／mol，吸附的频率因子A=220s^-1。同时，k1与镉离子初始浓度呈负相关性，与介质pH值、CHap用量呈正相关性．  相似文献   

PHREEQC在地下水溶质反应-运移模拟中的应用   总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7  

毛晓敏  刘翔  Barry D A 《水文地质工程地质》2004,31(2):20-24

由于地下水污染的加剧,对地下水中污染物运移规律的研究日益受到重视。地下水中的溶质在运移过程中伴随着溶质组分间的化学反应,因此需要建立地下水溶质运移与化学反应的耦合模型。PHREEQC是近年来发展起来的描述局部平衡反应、动态生物化学反应的水文地球化学模拟软件。本文利用该模拟软件对一维地下水流动过程中溶质离子交换反应和动态氧化还原反应进行了模拟。结果表明,PHREEQC能够成功地进行溶质运移情况下复杂水化学反应模拟,但对于复杂地下水流和溶质运动的情况,有必要耦合其它的地下水流动和溶质运移软件来共同完成。  相似文献